Microbes in Human Welfare

Microbes in Human WelfareNEET Zoology · Class 12 · NCERT Chapter 5

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10 NEET previous-year questions on Microbes in Human Welfare, each with the correct answer and a step-by-step solution. Sourced directly from official NEET papers across every booklet code.

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Microbes in Human Welfare (10)

Cell membrane structure

Mode of nutrition

Cell shape

Mode of reproduction

Solution

Archaebacteria differ from eubacteria primarily in their cell membrane structure, which contains unique lipids that are more stable under extreme conditions. NCERT XII chapter Microbes in Human Welfare highlights this as a key distinguishing feature, so option (a) is correct.

(iii) (iv) (i) (ii)

(iv) (iii) (ii) (i)

(iv) (ii) (i) (iii)

(iii) ( i) (iv) (ii)

Solution

Microbes Importance (1) Sacharomyces – Commercial production of erevisiae ethanol. (2) Monascus – Production of blood purpureus cholesterol lowering agents (3) Trichoderma polysporum – Production of immunosuppressive agents (4) Propionibacterium sharmanii – Ripening of Swiss cheese

Halophiles

Thermoacidophiles

Methanogens

Eubacteria

Solution

Archaebacteria are considered as most primitive prokaryote which appeared on earth for the first time as it could survive through the anaerobic harsh environment present that time. Halophilus, Thermoacidophiles and Methanogens are Archaebacteria. Methanogens are present in the rumen of cattle that is present in dung as well. It helps in production of methane gas that is a component of biogas.

Archaebacteria

Eubacteria

Cyanobacteria

Mycobacteria

Solution

Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh conditions because of branched lipid chain in cell membrane which reduces fluidity of cell membrane. Halophiles are exclusively found in saline habitats.

Bacillus

Pseudomonas

Mycoplasma

Nostoc

Solution

Mycoplasmas are smallest, wall-less prokaryotes, pleomorphic in nature. These are pathogenic on both plants and animals.

Cell wall

Nuclear membrane

Plasma membrane

Glycocalyx

Solution

Sticky character of the bacterial wall is due to glycocalyx or slime layer. This layer is rich in glycoproteins.

Trichoderma polysporum

Clostridium butylicum

Aspergillus niger

Streptococcus cerevisiae

Solution

Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ transplant patients, is produced by the fungus, Trichoderma polysporum.

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Solution

Mycoplasma are the smallest cells and are only 0.3 µm in length. So it can pass through less than 1 µm filter size. Mycoplasma lack cell wall.

A-III, B-I, C-II, D-IV

A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

A-III, B-I, C-IV, D-II

A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Solution

A. Clostridium butylicum — Butyric acid B. Saccharomyces cerevisiae — Ethanol C. Trichoderma polysporum — Cyclosporin-A D. Streptococcus sp. — Streptokinase - 49 - NEET (UG)-2024 (Code-Q1)

Whisky

Brandy

Beer

Rum

Solution

Beer is a non-distilled alcoholic beverage produced by the fermentation of grains using yeast. Whisky, brandy, and rum are distilled beverages, so option (c) is correct.

Column - I	Column - II
(a) Sacharomyces cerevisiae	(i) Production of immunosuppressive agents
(b) Monascus purpureus	(ii) Ripening of Swiss cheese
(c) Trichoderma polysporum	(iii) Commercial production of ethanol
(d) Propionibacterium shermanii	(iv) Production of blood-cholesterol lowering agents

List-I	List-II
a. Clostridium butylicum	i. Ethanol
b. Saccharomyces cerevisiae	ii. Streptokinase
c. Trichoderma polysporum	iii. Butyric acid
d. Streptococcus sp.	iv. Cyclosporin-A Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Microbes in Human WelfareNEET Zoology · Class 12 · NCERT Chapter 5

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Microbes in Human WelfareNEET Zoology · Class 12 · NCERT Chapter 5

1NEET 2014Medium4 bookletsArchaebacteria differ from eubacteria in -

3NEET 2016Medium4 bookletsThe primitive prokaryotes responsible for the production of biogas from the dung of ruminant animals, include the:

4NEET 2017Medium5 bookletsWhich of the following are found in extreme saline conditions?

5NEET 2017Medium5 bookletsWhich among the following are the smallest living cells, known without a definite cell wall, pathogenic to plants as well as animals and can survive without oxygen?

6NEET 2017Medium5 bookletsWhich of the following components provides sticky character to the bacterial cell?

7NEET 2022Medium24 bookletsIdentify the microorganism which is responsible for the production of an immunosuppressive molecule cyclosporin A :

8NEET 2022Medium24 bookletsGiven below are two statements : Statement I : Mycoplasma can pass through less than 1 micron filter size. Statement II : Mycoplasma are bacteria with cell wall. In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below

9NEET 2024Medium24 bookletsMatch List I with List IIList-IList-IIa. Clostridium butylicumi. Ethanolb. Saccharomyces cerevisiaeii. Streptokinasec. Trichoderma polysporumiii. Butyric acidd. Streptococcus sp.iv. Cyclosporin-A Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

10NEET 2025Medium4 bookletsWhich of the following is an example of non-distilled alcoholic beverage produced by yeast?

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