BiomoleculesNEET Chemistry · Class 12 · NCERT Chapter 10

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Aspartame is an artificial sweetener that is stable under cold conditions but decomposes at high temperatures, making it unsuitable for baking or cooking. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules discusses the stability of various artificial sweeteners, so option (c) is correct.

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Amino acids in a protein are linked by peptide bonds, formed by the condensation reaction between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules describes this linkage as the primary structure of proteins, so option (c) is correct.

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Novalgin – It is analgesic. Used for treatment of pain. www.vedantu.com 36 Pencilin – Antibiotic Streptomycin – Antibiotic Chloromycetic – Used for treat infection.

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Glycosidic bond involves reducing groups. Sucrose (No reducing sugar)

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Mixture of chloroxylenol and terpineol acts as antiseptic.

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Due to denaturation of proteins, globules unfold and helix get uncoiled and protein loses its biological activity.

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Amylopectin has both 1 → 4 α-linkages and 1 → 6 α-linkages, which give it a branched structure. Amylose, in contrast, is primarily linear with only 1 → 4 α-linkages, so option (c) is correct.

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HCl 10 meq −10 meq + NH4OH 20 meq −10 meq ⎯→ NH4Cl 0 +10 meq +H2O So solution of weak base ( 𝑁𝐻4𝑂𝐻) and salt of weak base and strong acid ( NH4𝐶𝑙). So buffer solution.

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Be forms amphoteric hydroxide.

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Balmer series

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- Inhibitor of catalytic activity: Malonate (ii) - a competitive inhibitor of enzymes like succinate dehydrogenase.
- Possess peptide bonds: Collagen (iv) - a protein with a triple helix structure.
- Cell wall material in fungi: Chitin (iii) - a polysaccharide.
- Secondary metabolite: Ricin (i) - a toxic protein produced by the castor bean plant.

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Inulin contains a glycosidic bond, linking its fructose units. Insulin contains peptide bonds, linking its amino acid residues. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules discusses these bonds in carbohydrates and proteins, so option (d) is correct.

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Lysine is a basic amino acid due to its positively charged amino group on the side chain. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules lists lysine as one of the basic amino acids, so option (c) is correct.

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Sucrose hydrolyzes to yield one molecule of $\alpha$-D-glucose and one molecule of $\beta$-D-fructose. This is a fundamental concept in the chemistry of carbohydrates as described in NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules, so option (c) is correct.

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Lysine is a basic amino acid due to the presence of an additional amino group ($-{\text{NH}}_2$) in its side chain, making it positively charged at physiological pH. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules lists lysine as one of the basic amino acids, so option (d) is correct.

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Potassium ions (K${}^{+}$) activate many enzymes, participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP, and, along with sodium ions (Na${}^{+}$), are crucial for the transmission of nerve signals. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules highlights the role of K${}^{+}$ in these processes, so option (d) is correct.

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${\text{He}}_2$ does not exist because helium atoms have a complete outer shell and do not form stable bonds with each other. In contrast, ${\text{Li}}_2$, ${\text{C}}_2$, and ${\text{O}}_2$ can form stable molecules, so option (a) is correct.

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Aspirin and Paracetamol are non-narcotic analgesics, not narcotic analgesics. Morphine and Heroin are narcotic analgesics, not non-narcotic analgesics. Both statements are false, so option (b) is correct.

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• Cimetidine is an antacid • Seldane is an antihistamine • Morphine is an analgesic • Salvarsan is an antimicrobial drug

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Enzymes are complex nitrogenous organic compounds which are produced by living plants and animals. They are protein molecules of high molecular mass. They are not polysaccharides.

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Statement I is incorrect because the base attaches to the 1' position of the sugar in a nucleoside, not the 5' position. Statement II is correct as it accurately describes the formation of a nucleotide. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules provides these definitions, so option (d) is correct.

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Veronal is a barbiturate, a class of drugs that act as central nervous system depressants. NCERT XII chapter Biomolecules lists Veronal as an example of barbiturates, so option (a) is correct.

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The daily requirement of magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) in the human body is estimated to be 0.2 - 0.3 g, as stated in NCERT XII Biomolecules. This aligns with nutritional guidelines, making option (b) correct.

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Despite having the aldehyde group glucose does not give Schiff’s test and it does not form the hydrogen sulphite addition product with NaHSO3. - 34 - NEET (UG)-2024 (Code-Q1)

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Sugar 'X' is D-Fructose:

• Found in honey (along with glucose).
• It is a ketohexose — has a keto group (C=O) at C-2 instead of an aldehyde.
• It exists in α and β anomeric forms (cyclic hemiketal: α-D-fructofuranose and β-D-fructofuranose).
• It is laevorotatory (rotates plane-polarised light to the left, hence the name 'levulose').

Hence X = D-Fructose, and all four statements (A, B, C, D) are correct.

Solution

The correct answer is A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV

• Adenosine – It is a nucleoside which is composed of nitrogen base and sugar only.
• Adenylic acid – It is a nucleotide which is composed of nitrogen base, sugar and a phosphate group is esterified to the sugar.
• Adenine – Nitrogen base (Purine)
• Alanine – An amino acid that contains a methyl group as the 'R' group.