Morphology of Flowering PlantsNEET Botany · Class 11 · NCERT Chapter 4

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When the margins of sepals or petals overlap one another without any particular direction, the condition is termed as imbricate. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants describes this arrangement, so option (b) is correct.

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Potato is an example of an edible underground stem, specifically a tuber. Carrot and sweet potato are roots, and groundnut is a seed, so option (d) is correct. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants classifies these structures based on their botanical origins.

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Superior ovary is found in plants i.e. china rose, mustard, brinjal, potato, onion and tulip.

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Sequence of different components of woody dicot stem from outerside to inner side is:

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Pitcher of Nepenthes is modification of the leaf.

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In maize grains, the single large shield shaped cotyledon is called scutellum. www.vedantu.com 69

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Stem modified into flat green organs performing the functions of leaves are known as phylloclade whereas phyllode is modification of petiole.

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In roots, the root hairs arise from zone of maturation. This zone is differentiated zone thus bearing root hairs.

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Thorns are hard, pointed straight structures for protection. These are modified stem

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Coconut has double endosperm with liquid endosperm and cellular endosperm.

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Ref. XII NCERT Chapter- 10, Page No. 183

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Primary roots originate from the base of the stem and are the first to develop from the radicle. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants describes the primary root as the main root that develops from the radicle, so option (b) is correct.

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A mature angiosperm embryo sac is 8-nucleate and 7-celled, with the antipodal cells, central cell, and egg apparatus. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants describes this structure, confirming option (a) as correct.

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Diadelphous stamens, where ten stamens are united into two bundles, are characteristic of the family Fabaceae, to which pea belongs. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants describes this arrangement in pea, so option (c) is correct.

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Axile placentation is characterized by the ovules being attached along the central axis of the ovary, as seen in China rose, Petunia, and Lemon. NCERT XI chapter Morphology of Flowering Plants describes axile placentation in these plants, so option (a) is correct.

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In the family Fabaceae, stamens are typically diadelphous (united in two groups) and dithecous (anthers with two thecae). This characteristic is not found in Solanaceae or Liliaceae, where stamens are usually free or have different arrangements, so option (b) is correct.

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If gynoecium is situated in the centre and other parts of the flower are located on the rim of the thalamus almost at the same level, it is called perigynous. Both diagram shows perigynous condition. - 52 - NEET (UG)-2024 (Code-Q1)

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In grasses, certain adaxial epidermal cells along the veins modify themselves into large, empty, colourless cells. These are called bulliform cells. When the bulliform cells in the leaves have absorbed water and are turgid, the leaf surface is exposed. When they are flaccid due to water stress, they make the leaves curl inwards to minimise water loss.

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The given diagram shows a wind pollinated plant showing compact inflorescence and well exposed stamens. Stamens are exposed so complete autogamy does not occur. - 58 - NEET (UG)-2024 (Code-Q1)

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Rose have half-inferior ovary, thus it is known as Perigynous flower. In Pea, the placenta form a ridge along the ventral suture of the ovary and ovules are borne on this ridge forming two rows. In Cotton, twisted aestivation is present. In Mango, fruit is drupe. - 59 - NEET (UG)-2024 (Code-Q1)

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In China rose monoadelphous androecium is present. Diadelphous androecium is found in pea plant. Polyadelphous androecium is found in citrus. Epiphyllous androecium is found in lily.

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The floral formula symbol ⊕ is used for actinomorphic flower, while % is used for zygomorphic flower.

The symbol G represents gynoecium and G symbol represent superior ovary, while inferior ovary is represented by G̅ .

Thus, statement I is incorrect and Statement II is correct.

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Sol. In monocot stem, hypodermis is sclerenchymatous.

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Zygomorphic flowers can be divided into two equal halves by only a single vertical plane and shows bilateral symmetry.

Pea possess zygomorphic flowers.

Chilli, Petunia and Datura possess actinomorphic flowers.